Nail fungus or onychomycosis (medical name) is a disease that occurs with damage to the fungal nail.Onichomycosis is 5 to 15 % of people.Its growth risk increases with age, although it is often detected in newborns.Every 10 years of life, the incidence increased by 2.5 times.If in children is 3 %, the elderly will have 50 - 60 %.
Pathogens of the disease
Onichomycosis is caused by microorganisms from the mushroom kingdom.The world of mushrooms is very diverse, and not all of them are as comfortable as Champignons, Chanterelles or Mushrooms, which we have seen on our table.There are parasitic species that eat the tissue of plants, animals and humans.
The pathogens of onychomycosis consumes protein keratin, part of the nail, hair, upper skin layer (keratinized).About 50 representatives of parasitic fungus can cause known disease.
They are divided into three groups:
- Dermatophytes.They account for 80 % of cases of onychomycosis.They are distinguished by survival and high vitality.In nature is found in the soil;
- Mushrooms are like yeast.Among them are Candida Albicans women (microorganisms belonging to Candida), causing cystic or vaginal fungus.The mushrooms are like an explosion 5 times often affecting the nails on their hands on their feet.Toxic and worsening the work of all creatures;
- Mold.Onychomycosis, caused by mold, is very rare.But it is most dangerous, rapidly progressing, can completely destroy the nail, go to neighboring fabrics.
Onychomycosis affects nails and legs, but on the feet, nail mushrooms occur much more often.This is due to the fact that the hand is more noticeable, often washed more during the day, treated with antiseptic substances.They are always open, good ventilation with winter, when we wear gloves.And the legs are constantly closed by street shoes, homemade sandals, tight pants, socks, sweat more.These factors create ideal conditions for the growth of mushrooms on the legs, because heat and humidity are its best friends.
The pathogens of onychomycosis penetrate nails from different directions.The most common way is from above, from the free edge of the foundation.It is also possible to introduce on the side of the side rollers or from below the epidermis and the growth area of the nail.
The most dangerous onychomycosis is near the epidermis.In this case, mushrooms slow down or prevent the division of onychoblasts - the cells of the germ area under the lower nail roller.Nails stop growing in length, infected areas may not recover.A pathological change in structure, nail destruction occurs.
Mushrooms are rarely taken immediately into the foundation.At first, their spores fell into the skin around the nails or digital inter -gaps through vicrocracks, cuts, scratches, scratches, corn.After that, the development of the colony began, pathogens moved to the foundation, penetrated it and was brought to the parasite.
Why does Onychomycosis appear?
Mushrooms live in warm and wet places, and wherever there are such conditions, it's easy to infect them.For example, if you go barefoot in public bathrooms, swimming pools, shower or gym segment, the likelihood of infection is very high.
The development of onychomycosis is facilitated by some diseases:
- Diabetes.In patients with diabetes, fungi occurs more often 3 times.Excess glucose in the blood creates favorable conditions for mushroom life.In the absence of sugar control and its maintenance ability in the standard, the blood vessels are affected.The more experienced in the disease, the more bloody to provide blood (diabetes syndrome).The wound heals worse, the infection is easier;
- Poor blood circulation in the lower limbs caused by varicose veins, atherosclerosis (narrowing of the heart, arterial obstruction), thrombosis (the formation of blood clots in the heart of the vein);
- Weakens immunity, immunodeficiency conditions (HIV), damage to the organs of the immune system.Reduce the body's resistance to any infection;
- Psoriasis.90 % of people with psoriasis have changed in the nail.The soil level is formed on it, present, the cavities appear, separating the nail.These factors 1.5 - 2 times increase the likelihood of infection with fungi;
- Hyperhidrosis or increased sweating of the feet often causes onychomycosis disease in men;
- The presence of a fungal infection in other parts of the body.
The risk group includes the elderly.
The cause of onychomycosis is often related to the characteristics of the career and the wrong care of the foot:
- Poor feet and nail care, lack of daily hygiene procedures due to neglecting personal hygiene rules or difficulties with the implementation (in patients with bedridden or patients with limited movement);
- Working in wet, coarse rooms (greenhouses, greenhouses, vegetable shops), regularly wearing rubber gloves or rubber shoes;
- professional sports;
- Wearing uncomfortable, cramped shoes, narrow shoes or shoes made of artificial material (fake leather), creating greenhouse effects of Muslims, which prevents normal air exchange.
The elements of the development of onychomycosis include wounds of nails or tissues around it, using antibacterial or hormonal drugs.
Women have a common cause of long -term polishing.It creates an enclosed space between the foundation and the coating in which the fungal infection successfully develops.Do not apply gel polishing on your feet, it is better to use normal decorative varnishes.Also in women, onychomycosis appears after manicure or toenails unsuccessful in shops, where the high quality disinfectant of the tools is not done, does not observe the sterile.
Signs of onychomycosis
Typically, the fungus spreads the thumb of the feet.
The following changes in the foundation are indicated for fungal damage:
- Dullness, yellow, loss of smoothness and shine;
- Itching, redness, peeling skin around;
- Relax, fragile, loose;
- unpleasant odor;
- violate structure, thicken;
If you find at least one of the listed signs, you need to immediately consult your doctor, treat nail fungus.It may be a senior doctor, dermatologist or MyC expert.
A mandatory test of a facility to verify onychomycosis is necessary after wounded in the nail or skin around it.If there are disposable factors (varicose veins, diabetes, atherosclerosis, weakened immunity, increased sweat, etc.), should create medical toenails once a month, in which the doctor will carefully check the nails and skin of the feet, showing changes in the early stages.
Is mushrooms dangerous on nails?
Onychomycosis is a disease that is more likely to cause psychological discomfort than pathology.To understand what it is, just look at the mushroom on the feet on the internet.It is characterized by a slow, painless process, fever and other symptoms that require a doctor.
People do not rush to treat nail mushrooms.In the end, when the area is small, you can draw it with a varnish, wearing socks or shoes closed to strangers.And psychological discomfort is temporarily solved.But, unfortunately, everything is not too simple.If you do not destroy fungal infections, it will not disappear anywhere, but will hit the nail anymore.And onychomycosis is contrast.One infected person is a danger for family members and others.
How to prevent infection?
The best measure for nail mushrooms is to prevent.
To protect yourself from infection, you need:
- using medical disinfectants with the words of Gost (they can kill hemorrhoids, tuberculosis, hepatitis, HIV);
- Monitor the status of the feet and nails, the main rule - the right leg is clean and dry;
- To take care of shoes, regularly disinfect, dry, convenient to use electric dryers to dry;
- Treat your foot with drying products or anti -sweat substances, if the feet sweat hard;
- In the swimming pool, sauna, lockers of the gym without barefoot, but wearing rubber sandals with a closed toe;
- Bring comfortable shoes made of natural breathable materials;
- Do not use a towel, shoes or manicure of strangers.
These tips will help you warn onychomycosis disease, keep your nails healthy and well cared for.They are effective not only to prevent fungi, but also for other problems: a nail that grows backwards, corn and corn.
Characteristics of Onychomycosis
Advertising on TV promises to easily and quickly cure nail fungus using anti -fungal cream (mushroom), solution, varnishi.We are promised that "different drugs penetrate deeply into the structure of the nail, effectively destroying mushrooms, in 2-3 use them to return the previous appearance to the nail."But why then an independent treatment of mushrooms on the foot gives good results in up to 10 % of cases?Because these drugs are only effective in the early stages of mushrooms, when symptoms are not clear and almost not noticeable.
Manufacturers are often cunning that the drug is produced by the latest technologies and has good active ingredients in the ingredients. Most drugs are simply very good and very expensive, while there are no substances needed to treat. You will not buy specialized drugs in ordinary pharmacies, because the production is very expensive.
Aggry is the basis for treating onychomycosis.Without them, no matter how much we want to defeat the infection.But they need to be used correctly and intentionally.A cure for nail mushrooms should be applied to a prior and prepared nail for it so that it has the right healing effect.
The first thing you should do if you suspect onychomycosis is that your doctor will confirm or reject the diagnosis.If necessary, specify an exam and additional treatment.The choice of a product from the nail mushroom based on the Internet, friends or advertising reviews will lead to time and money will spend on unnecessary drugs.Similar results will be obtained when trying to treat onychomycosis with folk methods.Vinegar, garlic, onions, medicinal herbs cannot destroy pathogens.
An important point in the treatment of onychomycosis is the disinfection of shoes and clothing, contacting an infected area.If it is not done, you may be infected from your own things.Clothes must be washed at high temperatures (over 60 ° C), ironing, handling shoes with special disinfectants.
Which drugs and methods are effective?
In the early stages, the treatment of onychomycosis is easier and faster than in advanced cases.How to treat nail mushrooms?
To fight pathogens, use:
- Medical toal hardware.Allows you to clean the areas of the foundation affected by onychomycosis without blood and pain, prepared for the use of anti -fungal substances;
- Keratoltics.These are local drugs against nail fungus, applied to the nails affected for painful removal purposes.They loosen, soften and dissolve the nails, and then it is easily removed by toenails.Keratoltics facilitates the treatment of onychomycosis, eliminating an infected area and stimulates the development of a healthy new foundation;
- Mushroom agent.The actions of these drugs aims to destroy mushrooms.For onychomycosis, they are used local in the form of varnishes, solutions, ointments, cream and inside in the form of tablets.With the internal use, the active substances of the pills from nail mushrooms accumulate in the skin and nails.The activity of the mushroom enzymes is inhibited, the absorbent of the cell membrane is disturbed and the pathogens are death.
Treatment for onychomycosis is selected based on the severity of the symptoms and the area of the lesion area.In the initial stages of the disease, it is eligible for hardware and external mushroom agents.In serious types of damage, when the entire nail is infected with fungal infection, it will require tablets, remove the foundation.Treatment of a form of advanced onychomycosis takes 3 months to 1 year and depends on the growth rate of the nail.
Local mushrooms are safe for health, but not always effective.The tablet negatively affects the liver, so throughout their government, the laboratory is needed on the body's state.
We heal Onychomycosis, and this is the main thing!
The sooner you consult your doctor, the faster you can handle it.
Do not be scared and shy.This problem is very common, millions of people in the world have it.
In the treatment of nail mushrooms at a professional medical center, you receive:
- General observation of a underwater expert and myc house (a doctor is involved in fungal diseases);
- 100 % sterile when carrying out all procedures;
- The ability of a material barrier (shaving skin and nails) to identify mushrooms;
- Quick results (average 3 - 4 procedures are necessary);
- • Free disinfection of a pair of shoes you have come, the ability to disinfect all the shoes you have traveled during the Onychomycosis period;
- Recommendations for foot and shoes will help prevent restructuring.
The most important thing is to choose an expert proficiently and rotate in a timely manner to help only your nails will be healthy and beautiful!